What are the DESSA T-score ranges and how do I interpret scores?

Overview

This article will answer the frequently asked question: What are the DESSA T-score ranges and how do I interpret scores?

Scores on the DESSA assessments are reported in the following ranges:

• Strength range: T-score of 60 and above
• Typical range: T-score of 41 to 59
• Need for Instruction range: T-score of 40 or below

The shorter assessments (DESSA-minis and DESSA-High School Edition minis) will provide a Social-Emotional Total (SET) T-score. The longer assessments (DESSA and DESSA-High School Edition) will provide T-scores in the DESSA competencies as well as a Social-Emotional Composite (SEC) T-Score. The DESSA-Second Step Edition will provide an SEC T-score and T-scores in four areas addressed in the Second Step program, including Skills for Learning, Emotion Management, Empathy, and Problem Solving.

Interpreting Scores

T-Scores

Each DESSA T-Score is a standard score set to have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. Like the percentile scores, T-Scores are based on the ratings received by the children in the standardization sample. In contrast to percentile scores, however, DESSA T-Scores have the same meaning throughout their range. T-Scores should always be used when reporting the DESSA results and when comparing scores earned on the various scales. DESSA T-Scores range from 28 to 72.

Percentile Scores 

DESSA raw scores are converted to percentile scores using the appropriate norms tables. Percentile scores compare the child’s behavior to that of other children who have been rated using the DESSA. The percentile score indicates the percentage of children in the standardization sample who earned the same or lower raw score.

Scale Description

High scores (T-scores of 60 and above) are referred to as strengths. This range of scores is indicated by gray shading on the Individual Student Profile. T-scores that fall between 41 and 59 inclusive are described as typical. Low scores (T-scores of 40 and below) are described as a need for instruction. This range of scores is indicated by red shading on the Individual Student Profile. Children with scores in this range can be considered at risk for exhibiting or developing social-emotional problems. On each scale, approximately 16% of the children in the standardization sample received scores in the need for instruction range. It is recommended that a plan be developed and implemented to assist the children in developing these important skills